Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)
EOL Text
This taxon is one of a number of benthopelagic species in the Amur River system. Benthopelagic river fish are found near the bottom of the water column, feeding on benthos and zooplankton
The persistence of mercury contamination in Amur River bottom sediments is a major issue, arising from historic cinnabar mining in the basin and poor waste management practises, especially in the communist Soviet era, where industrial development was placed ahead of sound conservation practises.
Other large benthopelagic river fish of the Amur Basin is the 200 cm yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa) and the 122 cm Mongolian redfin (Chanodichthys mongolicus)
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| Rights holder/Author | C. Michael Hogan, C. Michael Hogan |
| Source | http://www.eoearth.org/article/Amur_River?topic=78166 |
Chile Central
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| Rights holder/Author | Pablo Gutierrez, IABIN |
| Source | No source database. |
Depth range based on 29 specimens in 2 taxa.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.142 - 33
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.142 - 33
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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| Rights holder/Author | Ocean Biogeographic Information System |
| Source | http://www.iobis.org/mapper/?taxon_id=481210 |
Note: For many non-migratory species, occurrences are roughly equivalent to populations.
Estimated Number of Occurrences: > 300
Comments: This species is represented by a very large number of occurrences (subpopulations).
In a survey of populations in the contiguous U.S., Huntington et al. (1996) identified 28 healthy native stocks of winter steelhead (20 in Washington, 7 in Oregon, 1 in California) and 6 healthy native stocks of summer steelhead, all in Oregon.
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| Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
| Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Oncorhynchus+mykiss |
Canada
Rounded National Status Rank: N5 - Secure
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: N5 - Secure
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| Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
| Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Oncorhynchus+mykiss |
North Pacific and adjacent basins, introduced widely elsewhere.
Non-Migrant: Yes. At least some populations of this species do not make significant seasonal migrations. Juvenile dispersal is not considered a migration.
Locally Migrant: Yes. At least some populations of this species make local extended movements (generally less than 200 km) at particular times of the year (e.g., to breeding or wintering grounds, to hibernation sites).
Locally Migrant: Yes. At least some populations of this species make annual migrations of over 200 km.
Anadromous forms migrate up to at least hundreds of miles between spawning streams and nonspawning marine waters. Stream-dwelling trout may spend an entire life in few hundred meters of stream (Moyle 1976). Lake-dwelling trout typically migrate to tributaries to spawn.
>1,000,000 individuals
Comments: Total adult population size for all subspecies and stocks greatly exceeds 1 million.
Total annual abundance for all North American steelhead stocks was estimated at 1.6 million fish (Burgner et al. 1992).
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| Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
| Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Oncorhynchus+mykiss |
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
Reasons: Very large range; abundant; secure on a range-wide scale. See also information for the many subspecies and stocks (e.g., steelhead, redband trout, etc.).
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| Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
| Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Oncorhynchus+mykiss |
Physical description varies widely with sex, age, and habitat. In general, they are streamlined, with 8 to 12 spines in the anal fin and lack teeth at the base of the tongue (unlike their close relatives, Oncorhynchus clarkii). The undersides tend to be silvery with a pinkish red stripe along the upper-middle part of the body, though this stripe can vary from dark to light. Resident rainbows and spawning steelhead tend to be lighter with more pronounced pink stripes, while ocean-going steelhead are darker and silvery to blend into their ocean environment. Most have black spots above the lateral line, and resident rainbows tend to have more intense spotting, well below the lateral line. Juvenile fish have 8 to 13 parr marks on their sides and become silvery as they mature.
Range mass: 25.4 (high) kg.
Average mass: 4 kg.
Range length: 120 (high) cm.
Range basal metabolic rate: 0.6 to 75 cm3.O2/g/hr.
Average basal metabolic rate: 55 cm3.O2/g/hr.
Other Physical Features: ectothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry ; polymorphic
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
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| Rights holder/Author | ©1995-2013, The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors |
| Source | http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Oncorhynchus_mykiss/ |