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Species
Oncorhynchus gilae (Miller, 1950)
EOL Text
North America: Gila River system in New Mexico and Arizona, USA.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Rainer Froese, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2689 |
Reproductive strategy: synchronous ovarian organization, determinate fecundity (Ref. 51846).
Historic Range:
U.S.A. (AZ, NM)
Subspecies GILAE: Spawns apparently in spring and summer in New Mexico (March-June when water temperature is 8 C or greater). Egg production is considered low (usually a few hundred or fewer). Fry emerge in 45-60 days at 20-25 TL (Lee et al. 1980), or in 8-10 weeks at 15-20 mm TL (Sublette et al. 1990). Females sexually mature at 3-5 years, depending on conditions; males mature usually 1-2 years sooner than do females in the same stream (Sublette et al. 1990). Maximum lifespan is 5-9 years in different streams.
Subspecies APACHE: Reaches maturity in three years. Spawning occurs March-mid June, when water temperature about 8 C. Egg production is variable, (70-4000+ per female), usually listed as 200-600. Hatches at 30 days, young emerge at 20-25 mm SL in 60 days (Lee et al. 1980).
See Stearley (1992) for a discussion of the historical ecology and life history evolution of Pacific salmons and trouts (ONCORHYNCHUS).
Southwestern U.S.A.
Red List Criteria
Version
Year Assessed
- Needs updating
Assessor/s
Reviewer/s
History
-
1994Vulnerable (V)
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1990Vulnerable (V)
-
1988Endangered (E)
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1986Endangered (E)
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/15318 |
Length: 26 cm
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable
Maximum size: 320 mm TL
Rounded Global Status Rank: G3 - Vulnerable
Reasons: Small range in New Mexico and Arizona; negatively impacted by habitat isolation and fragmentation, non-native species, wildfire, and climate change; significant management has occurred; may be conspecific with rainbow trout.