02599nas a2200181   4500008004100000020001400041245021700055210006900272260001200341520189700353100002502250700002102275700003602296700002202332700002702354700002202381856001402403       2020                        eng d  a1566-062100aGenotyping-by-sequencing reveals the effects of riverscape, climate and interspecific introgression on the genetic diversity and local adaptation of the endangered Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster)0 aGenotypingbysequencing reveals the effects of riverscape climate  c2020///3 aHow environmental and anthropogenic factors influence genetic variation and local adaptation is a central issue in evolutionary biology. The Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster), one of the southernmost native salmonid species in the world, is susceptible to climate change, habitat perturbations and the competition and hybridization with exotic rainbow trout (O. mykiss). The present study aimed for the first time to use genotyping-by-sequencing to explore the effect of genetic hybridization with O. mykiss and of riverscape and climatic variables on the genetic variation among O. chrysogaster populations. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was applied to generate 9767 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genotyping 272 O. chrysogaster and O. mykiss. Population genomics analyses were combined with landscape ecology approaches into a riverine context (riverscape genetics). The clustering analyses detected seven different genetic groups (six for O. chrysogater and one for aquaculture O. mykiss) and a small amount of admixture between aquaculture and native trout with only two native genetic clusters showing exotic introgression. Latitude and precipitation of the driest month had a significant negative effect on genetic diversity and evidence of isolation by river resistance was detected, suggesting that the landscape heterogeneity was preventing trout dispersal, both for native and exotic individuals. Moreover, several outlier SNPs were identified as potentially implicated in local adaptation to local hydroclimatic variables. Overall, this study suggests that O. chrysogater may require conservation planning given (i) exotic introgression from O. mykiss locally threatening O. chrysogater genetic integrity, and (ii) putative local adaptation but low genetic diversity and hence probably reduced evolutionary potential especially in a climate change context.1 aEscalante, Marco, A.1 aPerrier, Charles1 aDe León, Francisco, J. García1 aRuiz-Luna, Arturo1 aOrtega-Abboud, Enrique1 aManel, Stéphanie  u10/gg6rgj02005nas a2200325   4500008004100000020001400041245008800055210006900143260001600212300001600228490000700244520098600251653002601237653002601263653001801289653002401307653001801331653002801349653002201377100002301399700003401422700002101456700003601477700001701513700003501530700002201565700002201587700002201609856004801631       2014                        eng d  a1566-062100aGenetic introgression of cultured rainbow trout in the Mexican native trout complex0 aGenetic introgression of cultured rainbow trout in the Mexican n  c2014/10/01/  a1063 - 10710 v153 a<p>The Mexican native trout complex is the group of salmonids that naturally has the southernmost distribution in the world. Despite its unique status and evidence of more than 13 distinct lineages, there are only two described species (Oncorhynchus mykiss nelsoni and O. chrysogaster). These fishes are threatened by environmental and anthropogenic factors, most notably the introduction of the exotic species O. mykiss (rainbow trout) for aquaculture. Here we applied population genetics analysis in 1,017 wild and cultured trout to understand the extent of genetic introgression of rainbow trout in Mexican native trout. Present results indicate a high degree of introgression and genetic admixture among introduced rainbow trout and some populations of Mexican native trout, exposing them to loss of genetic diversity. Thus, introduction of exotic trout for aquaculture purposes must be strictly regulated or avoided and we advise the use of native trout for aquaculture.</p>
10aGenetic hybridization10agenetic introgression10aMexican trout10aNorthwestern Mexico10arainbow trout10aSierra Madre Occidental10aTruchas Mexicanas1 aEscalante, MarcoA.1 aGarcía-De-León, FranciscoJ.1 aDillman, CaseyB.1 aCamarillo, Anabelia, de los San1 aGeorge, Anna1 aBarriga-Sosa, Irene, de los A.1 aRuiz-Luna, Arturo1 aMayden, RichardL.1 aManel, Stéphanie  uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0599-7