01503nam a2200181 4500008004100000020002200041245005700063210005500120250000600175260006100181520090700242653001401149653001201163653001801175100002201193700003601215856007001251 2016 eng d a978-607-7900-26-900aLa Trucha Dorada Mexicana / The Mexican Golden Trout0 aLa Trucha Dorada Mexicana The Mexican Golden Trout a1 aMéxicobArturo Ruiz Luna and Francisco García de León3 aLa trucha dorada mexicana (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) es un pez endémico de México que habita en aguas frías de alta montaña en la Sierra Madre Occidental. Es un recurso con gran potencial para desarrollos acuícolas en la región, sin embargo poco se conoce sobre su biología y el estado actual de sus poblaciones, aunque se reconoce que enfrenta fuertes amenazas debido a las actividades humanas que se desarrollan en su área de distribución. Por ello, la información que esta obra contiene sobre esta especie, generada por un amplio grupo de especialistas tanto nacionales como internacionales, se presenta como una línea de base para futuros estudios de mayor profundidad que caodyuven a la conservación y manejo de esta especie.como internacionales, se presenta como una línea de base para futuros estudios de mayor profundidad que caodyuven a la conservación y manejo de esta especie.10aChihuahua10aDurango10aMexican trout1 aRuiz-Luna, Arturo1 aDe León, Francisco, Javier Gar uhttps://cibnor.repositorioinstitucional.mx/jspui/handle/1001/136402324nas a2200169 4500008004100000245010600041210006900147260005400216300000800270520166200278653001401940653001801954653001401972653001001986100002001996856013802016 2004 eng d00aRevisiting Aldo Leopold's "Perfect" Land Health: Conservation and Development in Mexico's Rio Gavilan0 aRevisiting Aldo Leopolds Perfect Land Health Conservation and De aDenton, TexasbUniversity of North Texasc2004/// a2993 aThe Rio Gavilan watershed, located in Mexico 's northern Sierra Madre Occidental , has significance in conservation history. Upon visiting the remote, largely un­developed watershed during two hunting trips in the 1930s, renowned conservationist Aldo Leopold thought it was the best picture of land health he had seen. His main indicators of healthy land were slow water runoff rates regulating erosion and historical predator-prey relationships. The visits confirmed Leopold's concept of land health, inspired many of his essays, and helped shape his land ethic. Leopold proposed the area as a control site to research healthy land throughout North America . The proposal never went forward and the area has since been more intensively logged and grazed. This dissertation research used extensive literature review, archives, oral histories, citizen surveys, and rapid assessment of forest, rangeland, riparian, and socioeconomic health to assess impacts of past cultures and update the area's land health status. Projects that could restore land health, such as linked eco-tourism, forest density reduction, and rotational grazing, were assessed for feasibility. Recent critiques of Leopold's land ethic were also reviewed. Results indicate most pre-1940s impacts were light, current land health status is moderate, and local interest exists in restoring land health. Many fish and wildlife populations are reduced, temporarily stabilized, but still at risk. Soil and riverbed erosion, service sector economics, and (at some ridge-top sites) forest density are the land health indicators in worst condition. Land health restoration projects are feasible.10aChihuahua10aMexican trout10aRio Yaqui10atrout1 aForbes, William uhttps://truchasmexicanas.myspecies.info/content/revisiting-aldo-leopolds-perfect-land-health-conservation-and-development-mexicos-rio00604nas a2200205 4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260001600199300001200215490000700227653001400234653001800248653001400266653001300280653002800293653001000321100002100331700002000352856002600372 2006 eng d00aFollowing in Leopold's Footsteps: Revisiting and Restoring the Rio Gavilan Watershed0 aFollowing in Leopolds Footsteps Revisiting and Restoring the Rio c2006/01/01/ a25 - 310 v2410aChihuahua10aMexican trout10aRio Yaqui10ariparian10aSierra Madre Occidental10aYaqui1 aFleming, William1 aForbes, William uhttp://er.uwpress.org03614nas a2200349 4500008004100000245013400041210006900175260005700244300001100301520249400312653001402806653001202820653001702832653001502849653001802864653002202882100003102904700001502935700002502950700002402975700002802999700002603027700001803053700002403071700001603095700001903111700002203130700002603152700002003178700002903198856003703227 2006 eng d00aConservation of the Conchos Trout: a white paper on history of its discovery, report on its status, and an urgent plea for action0 aConservation of the Conchos Trout a white paper on history of it aUniversity of Texas, Austin, Texas, USAc2006/04/13/ a1 - 113 a

A broad-scale survey of potential trout habitats in upper tributaries of the Río Conchos of Chihuahua, México resulted in the re-discovery in 2005 of a long-lost native, endemic, and now endangered, undescribed trout species that we call the "Conchos Trout." We are currently in the process of scientifically describing this rare trout, the only native Mexican trout known from an Atlantic drainage. Our extensive field efforts to date clearly indicate that this species was formerly much more widely distributed historically. Though surveys should continue, our extensive field surveys found only one small isolated and extremely vulnerable population, leaving us less than optimistic that many other, if any, additional populations will be found. Persistence of this new critically endangered endemic Conchos Trout clearly requires rapid conservation action. Our consensus expert opinion is that we cannot over-emphasize the urgency of protection for this critically endangered population of this unique trout, and so we have produced this "white paper" in hopes that it might encourage others to join us in initiating appropriate conservation programs. The potentially viable population is restricted to a short reach of a very small stream where it and another newly discovered, undescribed fish species, a sucker (and likely another unique taxon), could be relatively easily protected, studied and managed. Additionally, adjoining arroyos where the species recently occurred offer the possibility of restoring native fish populations to them following appropriate protection and habitat restoration efforts. All members of our highly qualified and diversely specialized, binational "Truchas Mexicanas" team stand prepared to join collaborators and invest personal resources in hands-on actions to help this new species persist. We recommend immediate establishment of a small reserve centered around currently occupied habitat and adjacent streams having suitable habitat, combined with education and compensation of local residents for their cooperation with reserve management. We recognize that we are largely ignorant of the local political and cultural systems via which conservation actions will have to proceed and are limited with regard to our ability to raise funds. We thus hope that readers of this white paper will add their financial and in-kind support and additional expertise to help us conserve the Conchos Trout!

10aChihuahua10aConchos10aconservation10aendangered10aMexican trout10aTruchas Mexicanas1 aCamarena-Rosales, Faustino1 aCutter, R.1 aSantos, A.B., de Los1 aEspinosa-Pérez, H.1 ade León, F.J., García1 aHendrickson, Dean, A.1 aKuhajda, B.R.1 aMayden, Richard, L.1 aNeely, D.A.1 aPfeifer, Frank1 aPropst, David, L.1 aRuiz-Campos, Gorgonio1 aTomelleri, J.R.1 aVarela-Romero, Alejandro uhttp://hdl.handle.net/2152/2223302085nas a2200337 4500008004100000245011300041210006900154260001200223300001200235490000700247520102100254653001401275653001201289653001701301653001501318653000901333653001801342653001701360653002401377653001801401653001501419653002201434100003101456700002601487700002301513700002401536700002601560700002901586700003601615856009601651 2008 eng d00aMitochondrial haplotype variation in wild trout populations (Teleostei: Salmonidae) from northwestern Mexico0 aMitochondrial haplotype variation in wild trout populations Tele c2008/// a33 - 450 v183 a

The variation and composition of Mexican wild trout mitochondrial DNA haplotypes throughout northwestern Mexico was determined by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP), of one region of mitochondrial DNA between cytochrome b and the D-loop. This analysis was based on 261 specimens taken in 12 basins and four hatcheries from northwestern Mexico. From 23 haplotypes, 15 wild trout haplotypes were identified and classified in four groups: (1) one restricted to Nelson's trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss nelsoni), (2) four restricted to R¡o Mayo and R¡oYaqui trout (O. mykiss sspp.), (3) six to Mexican golden trout (O. chrysogaster) with two subgroups, and (4) one exclusive to R¡o Piaxtla trout. Distributions of native haplotypes broadly overlap the distribution of non-native hatchery rainbow trout reflecting the historical management of introductions of exotic rainbow trout and the artificial transference of these trout among basins.

10aChihuahua10aConchos10aCytochrome b10aendangered10aMayo10aMexican trout10aOncorhynchus10aOncorhynchus mykiss10arainbow trout10aSalmonidae10aTruchas Mexicanas1 aCamarena-Rosales, Faustino1 aRuiz-Campos, Gorgonio1 aRosa-Vélez, Jorge1 aMayden, Richard, L.1 aHendrickson, Dean, A.1 aVarela-Romero, Alejandro1 ade León, Francisco, J. García u⬚d:\users\dean_h\reprints in pdf or other\Camarena_2008_Mt_haplotype_Mexican_trout.pdf⬚07219nas a2200625 4500008004100000020001800041245017900059210006900238260014600307300001400453520510100467653001305568653001405581653001705595653001105612653001205623653001405635653001105649653001805660653001105678653001705689653001305706653001605719653001205735653001105747653002205758100002605780700002105806700002405827700001705851700002205868700003105890700002205921700001705943700003105960700002205991700002906013700002306042700003606065700001706101700001606118700002606134700002106160700002606181700002606207700002406233700002206257700002606279700001706305700002606322700002906348700003506377700003606412856014506448 2007 eng d a970-694-336-600aConservation of Mexican native trout and the discovery, status, protection and recovery of the Conchos trout, the first native Oncorhynchus of the Atlantic drainage in Mexico0 aConservation of Mexican native trout and the discovery status pr aMonterrey, Nuevo León, MéxicobDirección de Publicaciones, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicasc2007/// a162 - 2013 a

The Northwestern Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico is a rugged mountain range covering portions of Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango and Sinaloa, and is drained by multiple Pacific Slope Rivers to the west and the Casas Grandes, Conchos, and Nazas to the east. The overall area is topographically, climatically and biotically diverse, ranging from endorheic basins (Casas Grandes) to mountainous areas elevations up to 3348 m, average mean temperatures from 10-20°C and precipitation from 250- 1100 mm/yr. The region is also geological complex that, combined with these other variables, provides a great diversity of both aquatic and terrestrial habitats conducive to both biotic endemicity and diversity. The overall diversity of the region has contribiited to the recent listing of this region by Conservation International as one of six new high-priority biodiversity hotspots. Our understanding of the aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity of this region, however, is poor and in urgent need of rapid investigation by collaborative communities. The combination of an incredibly rugged landscape, drug and bandit activities and indigenous peoples that have not always been welcoming to visitors has resulted in a general paucity of roads in the region, and the lack of access has limited inventory studies. Recently, however, access to the region has changed dramatically and many of the areas are now accessible enough for logging, mining, and agriculture practices, all exerting extreme pressures in some areas on the biodiversity. In addition to human-induced changes to these diverse ecosystems, impacts of invasive aquatic species are becoming more and more apparent, and the potential for severely reducing population sizes of species or their extirpation or extinction is real. While several invasive or exotic species are identified as potentially destructive to these communities, the exotic Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that is derived from hatcheries or culture facilities within the region represents one of the most critical threats to the aquatic and semi-aquatic biodiversity. The native trout of mainland Mexico represent the southern- most salmonids, and are at imminent risk of introgression and/or replacement by feral Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Our recent survey efforts have expanded the known diversity and ranges of each of several distinct forms, which we feel represent valid species. We discuss our discovery of multiple new species from the Sierra Madre Occidental and focus on a new species of trout restricted to the upper Conchos drainage, the first native species of Oncorhynchus known to occupy the Atlantic Slope in Mexico. Many of these taxa are restricted to small areas of intact habitat in headwater areas of high-elevation streams, and are at risk from a suite of human-associated perturbations, emerging diseases, and introduced species. These fishes occupy unique habitats, and represent a diverse portion of the Mexican montane ichthyofauna. The habitats on which they depend support a wide range of other aquatic organisms, most of which are grossly understudied. The discovery of the Conchos Trout derived primarily by GARP niche modeling of a subset of localities of previously sampled undescribed native Mexican trout, provides only a snapshot of the biodiversity awaiting to be discovered in this region. The rugged landscape of the Sierra Madre Occidental simply precludes routine sampling at easily accesible locations of streams and most sampling locations require time-intensive access. In an effort to rapidly assess the biodiversity of rivers of this region we employed this method to aid in predicting the most suitable and highly probable Mexican trout niches in the region. This method offered highly efficient and powerful results that not only predicted the occurrence of a previously unknown trout in the upper Rio Conchos but also provided excellent predictions of available habitats in drainages where previously unknown trout have been discovered by the Truchas Mexicanas team in the last nine years. Multiple threats exist to the biodiversity of the northern Sierra Madre Occidental, including uncontrolled introductions of exotic and invasive species, emerging diseases such as whirling disease, Myxobolus cerebralis, infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), iridioviruses and pathogenic water mold, Saprolegnia ferax, land-use practices leading to habitat degradation via overgrazing, logging, deforestation and road construction, increasing human population growth, over-fishing or overharvesting of aquatic resources and global climate cliange reducing surface and ground water in the area and creating environments more conducive to the spread of invasive species, congregated and dense human populations, and emerging diseases. Immediate actions need to be developed to aid in public education as to the threats to these ecosystems, protection of areas, assessment of diversity, and sustainable development throughout the region that incorporates a likely highly successful ecotourism system for the region.

10aAtlantic10aChihuahua10aconservation10adesert10aDurango10aEcosystem10afishes10aMexican trout10aMEXICO10aOncorhynchus10arecovery10aRio Conchos10aSinaloa10aSonora10aTruchas Mexicanas1 aHendrickson, Dean, A.1 aNeely, David, A.1 aMayden, Richard, L.1 aAnderson, K.1 aBrooks, James, E.1 aCamarena-Rosales, Faustino1 aCutter, Ralph, F.1 aCutter, Lisa1 aCamarillo, Ana, Belia De L1 aErnsting, Guy, W.1 aEspinosa-Pérez, Héctor1 aFindley, Lloyd, T.1 ade León, Francisco, J. García1 aGeorge, A.L.1 aHatch, John1 aKuhajda, Bernanrd, R.1 aMayden, Kyle, E.1 aMcNyset, Kristina, M.1 aNielsen, Jennifer, L.1 aPfeiffer, Frank, W.1 aPropst, David, L.1 aRuiz-Campos, Gorgonio1 aSt.Clair, E.1 aTomelleri, Joseph, R.1 aVarela-Romero, Alejandro1 aLozano-Vilano, Ma., de Lourdes1 aContreras-Balderas, Armando, J. uhttps://truchasmexicanas.myspecies.info/content/conservation-mexican-native-trout-and-discovery-status-protection-and-recovery-conchos-trout03941nas a2200433 4500008004100000245010000041210006900141260001200210300001400222490001300236520260400249653002002853653001402873653001202887653001202899653002602911653002602937653001702963653001802980653001502998653002803013653001203041653001103053653002203064100002603086700002403112700001803136700001503154700002003169700001703189700001803206700001503224700002603239700002203265700002503287700001703312700003603329856014203365 2003 eng d00aMexican native trouts: a review of their history and current systematic and conservation status0 aMexican native trouts a review of their history and current syst c2003/// a273 - 3160 v12(2002)3 a

While biologists have been aware of the existence of native Mexican trouts for over a century, they have received little study. The few early studies that did much more than mention their existence began in the 1930s and continued into the early 1960s, focusing primarily on distributional surveys and taxonomic analyses. Starting in the 1980s the Baja California rainbow trout became the subject of more detailed studies, but very little remains known of mainland trouts of the Sierra Madre Occidental. We review earlier studies and report on our own collections and observations made between 1975 and 2000. We present newly discovered historical evidence that leads us to conclude that a ``lost'' cutthroat trout, a lineage not previously known from Mexico, was collected more than a century ago from headwaters of the R¡o Conchos (a major tributary of the Rio Grande (= R¡o Bravo)), a basin not previously considered to harbor a native trout. We review the last century of regional natural resource management and discuss our own observations of trout habitats. Impacts of logging, road building and overgrazing are widespread and expanding. Many streams suffer from heavy erosion, siltation and contamination, and though long-term hydrologic data are generally not available, there is evidence of decreased discharge in many streams. These problems appear related to region-wide land management practices as well as recent regional drought. Trout culture operations using exotic rainbow trout have rapidly proliferated throughout the region, threatening genetic introgression and/or competition with native forms and predation on them. Knowledge of distribution, abundance, relationships and taxonomy, not to mention ecology and population biology, of native trouts of the Sierra Madre Occidental remains inadequate. Vast areas of most mainland drainages are still unexplored by fish collectors, and even rudimentary information regarding basic biology, ecology and population structure of stocks remains lacking. Concentrated exploration, research and management of this long overlooked and undervalued resource are all urgently needed. The history of natural resources exploitation that placed so many native trouts of the western United States on threatened and endangered species lists is repeating itself in the Sierra Madre Occidental. Without concerted action and development of region-wide socio-economic solutions for current, largely non-sustainable resource management practices, native Mexican trout gene pools will soon be in grave danger of extinction.

10aBaja California10aChihuahua10aConchos10aDurango10agenetic introgression10aOnchorchynchus mykiss10aOnchorynchus10arainbow trout10aRio Grande10aSierra Madre Occidental10aSinaloa10aSonora10aTruchas Mexicanas1 aHendrickson, Dean, A.1 aEspinosa-Pérez, H.1 aFindley, L.T.1 aForbes, W.1 aTomelleri, J.R.1 aMayden, R.L.1 aNielsen, J.L.1 aJensen, B.1 aRuiz-Campos, Gorgonio1 aVarela-Romero, A.1 aVan Der Heiden, A.M.1 aCamarena, F.1 ade León, Francisco, J. García uhttps://truchasmexicanas.myspecies.info/content/mexican-native-trouts-review-their-history-and-current-systematic-and-conservation-status