@mastersthesis {186, title = {Modelaci{\'o}n y Caracterizaci{\'o}n Ambiental del {\'A}rea de Distribuci{\'o}n Potencial de Oncorhynchus chrysogaster (Needham y Gard, 1964) en las Cuencas de los R{\'\i}os Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n}, year = {2015}, month = {2015/01//}, pages = {1-74}, school = {Centro de Investigaci{\'o}n en Alimentaci{\'o}n y Desarrollo, A.C.}, address = {Mazatl{\'a}n, Sinaloa, M{\'e}xico}, abstract = {Regarding the Mexican golden trout Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, salmonid nativeto Mexico which distribution has been restricted to river basins Fuerte, Sinaloa, Culiacan in the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO). However, this study focused on modeling the potential distribution of this species in the basins of Sinaloa and Culiac{\'a}n rivers, bounded at altitudes >= 1500 m, being little studied in relation to the distribution of this species. There are few historical records of the species, extending to the present study with 11 new records obtained in four samples taken during the investigation. The environmental information required for the modeling process comes from the bioclimatic variables WorldClim and Compound Topographic Index HYDRO1k project. Based on this information and the records of the species, the potential distribution of the species with BIOCLIM, GARP and MAXENT methods that relate common occurrence data (geographical location) of one species with the set of environmental variables was modeled. The three models agree in locating distribution sites above 1500 m, which is considered as altitudinal limit, however there are differences in the extent and final distribution area, having higher affinity to the results obtained with GARP and MAXENT, compared with results generated with BIOCLIM. To assess the predictive ability of different modeling methods mentioned before a statistical method known as Jackknife resampling, which is appropriate when you have fewer than 25 records of occurrence was applied. The model validation GARP places as the method has a higher predictive success, followed by MAXENT. Con relaci{\'o}n a la trucha dorada mexicana Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, salm{\'o}nido nativo de M{\'e}xico cuya distribuci{\'o}n se ha restringido a las cuencas de los r{\'\i}os Fuerte, Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n, en la Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO). A pesar de ello, el presente estudio se centr{\'o} en el modelado de la distribuci{\'o}n potencial de esta especie en las cuencas de los r{\'\i}os Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n, acotadas a altitudes >= 1500 msnm, por estar escasamente estudiadas con relaci{\'o}n a la distribuci{\'o}n de esta especie. Dentro de esta {\'a}rea se cuenta con pocos registros hist{\'o}ricos de presencia de la especie, ampli{\'a}ndose con el presente estudio con 11 registros nuevos obtenidos en cuatro muestreos realizadas durante la investigaci{\'o}n. La informaci{\'o}n ambiental requerida para el proceso de modelado procede de las variables bioclim{\'a}ticas de WorldClim y el {\'I}ndice Compuesto Topogr{\'a}fico del proyecto HYDRO1k. Con base en dicha informaci{\'o}n y con los registros de la especie, se model{\'o} la distribuci{\'o}n potencial de la especie con los m{\'e}todos BIOCLIM, GARP y MAXENT, que en com{\'u}n relacionan datos de presencia (posici{\'o}n geogr{\'a}fica) de una especie con el conjunto de variables ambientales. Los tres modelos coinciden en ubicar los sitios de distribuci{\'o}n por arriba de los 1500 msnm, que se ha considerado como l{\'\i}mite altitudinal, sin embargo existen diferencias en cuanto a la extensi{\'o}n y {\'a}rea de distribuci{\'o}n final, existiendo mayor afinidad en los resultados obtenidos con GARP y MAXENT, comparativamente con los resultados generados con BIOCLIM. Para evaluar la capacidad predictiva de los diferentes m{\'e}todos de modelaci{\'o}n mencionados anteriormente se aplic{\'o} un m{\'e}todo estad{\'\i}stico de remuestreo conocido como Jackknife, el cual es apropiado cuando se tiene menos de 25 registros de ocurrencia. La validaci{\'o}n de los modelos coloca a GARP como el m{\'e}todo que presenta un mayor {\'e}xito predictivo, seguido por MAXENT. }, keywords = {Mexican trout, Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, Sierra Madre Occidental, species distribution modelling}, author = {Ram{\'\i}rez-Huerta, Alejandro Luis} } @mastersthesis {170, title = {Modelaci{\'o}n y Caracterizaci{\'o}n Ambiental del {\'A}rea de Distribuci{\'o}n Potencial de Oncorhynchus chrysogaster (Needham y Gard, 1964) en las Cuencas de los R{\'\i}os Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n}, year = {2015}, month = {2015/01//}, pages = {1-74}, school = {Centro de Investigaci{\'o}n en Alimentaci{\'o}n y Desarrollo, A.C.}, address = {Mazatl{\'a}n, Sinaloa, M{\'e}xico}, abstract = {Regarding the Mexican golden trout Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, salmonid nativeto Mexico which distribution has been restricted to river basins Fuerte, Sinaloa, Culiacan in the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO). However, this study focused on modeling the potential distribution of this species in the basins of Sinaloa and Culiac{\'a}n rivers, bounded at altitudes >= 1500 m, being little studied in relation to the distribution of this species. There are few historical records of the species, extending to the present study with 11 new records obtained in four samples taken during the investigation. The environmental information required for the modeling process comes from the bioclimatic variables WorldClim and Compound Topographic Index HYDRO1k project. Based on this information and the records of the species, the potential distribution of the species with BIOCLIM, GARP and MAXENT methods that relate common occurrence data (geographical location) of one species with the set of environmental variables was modeled. The three models agree in locating distribution sites above 1500 m, which is considered as altitudinal limit, however there are differences in the extent and final distribution area, having higher affinity to the results obtained with GARP and MAXENT, compared with results generated with BIOCLIM. To assess the predictive ability of different modeling methods mentioned before a statistical method known as Jackknife resampling, which is appropriate when you have fewer than 25 records of occurrence was applied. The model validation GARP places as the method has a higher predictive success, followed by MAXENT. Con relaci{\'o}n a la trucha dorada mexicana Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, salm{\'o}nido nativo de M{\'e}xico cuya distribuci{\'o}n se ha restringido a las cuencas de los r{\'\i}os Fuerte, Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n, en la Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO). A pesar de ello, el presente estudio se centr{\'o} en el modelado de la distribuci{\'o}n potencial de esta especie en las cuencas de los r{\'\i}os Sinaloa y Culiac{\'a}n, acotadas a altitudes >= 1500 msnm, por estar escasamente estudiadas con relaci{\'o}n a la distribuci{\'o}n de esta especie. Dentro de esta {\'a}rea se cuenta con pocos registros hist{\'o}ricos de presencia de la especie, ampli{\'a}ndose con el presente estudio con 11 registros nuevos obtenidos en cuatro muestreos realizadas durante la investigaci{\'o}n. La informaci{\'o}n ambiental requerida para el proceso de modelado procede de las variables bioclim{\'a}ticas de WorldClim y el {\'I}ndice Compuesto Topogr{\'a}fico del proyecto HYDRO1k. Con base en dicha informaci{\'o}n y con los registros de la especie, se model{\'o} la distribuci{\'o}n potencial de la especie con los m{\'e}todos BIOCLIM, GARP y MAXENT, que en com{\'u}n relacionan datos de presencia (posici{\'o}n geogr{\'a}fica) de una especie con el conjunto de variables ambientales. Los tres modelos coinciden en ubicar los sitios de distribuci{\'o}n por arriba de los 1500 msnm, que se ha considerado como l{\'\i}mite altitudinal, sin embargo existen diferencias en cuanto a la extensi{\'o}n y {\'a}rea de distribuci{\'o}n final, existiendo mayor afinidad en los resultados obtenidos con GARP y MAXENT, comparativamente con los resultados generados con BIOCLIM. Para evaluar la capacidad predictiva de los diferentes m{\'e}todos de modelaci{\'o}n mencionados anteriormente se aplic{\'o} un m{\'e}todo estad{\'\i}stico de remuestreo conocido como Jackknife, el cual es apropiado cuando se tiene menos de 25 registros de ocurrencia. La validaci{\'o}n de los modelos coloca a GARP como el m{\'e}todo que presenta un mayor {\'e}xito predictivo, seguido por MAXENT. }, keywords = {Mexican trout, Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, Sierra Madre Occidental, species distribution modelling}, author = {Ram{\'\i}rez-Huerta, Alejandro Luis} } @article {23, title = {Genetic introgression of cultured rainbow trout in the Mexican native trout complex}, journal = {Conservation Genetics}, volume = {15}, year = {2014}, month = {2014/10/01/}, pages = {1063 - 1071}, abstract = {

The Mexican native trout complex is the group of salmonids that naturally has the southernmost distribution in the world. Despite its unique status and evidence of more than 13 distinct lineages, there are only two described species (Oncorhynchus mykiss nelsoni and O. chrysogaster). These fishes are threatened by environmental and anthropogenic factors, most notably the introduction of the exotic species O. mykiss (rainbow trout) for aquaculture. Here we applied population genetics analysis in 1,017 wild and cultured trout to understand the extent of genetic introgression of rainbow trout in Mexican native trout. Present results indicate a high degree of introgression and genetic admixture among introduced rainbow trout and some populations of Mexican native trout, exposing them to loss of genetic diversity. Thus, introduction of exotic trout for aquaculture purposes must be strictly regulated or avoided and we advise the use of native trout for aquaculture.

}, keywords = {Genetic hybridization, genetic introgression, Mexican trout, Northwestern Mexico, rainbow trout, Sierra Madre Occidental, Truchas Mexicanas}, isbn = {1566-0621}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-014-0599-7}, author = {Escalante, MarcoA. and Garc{\'\i}a-De-Le{\'o}n, FranciscoJ. and Dillman, CaseyB. and de los Santos Camarillo, Anabelia and George, Anna and de los A. Barriga-Sosa, Irene and Ruiz-Luna, Arturo and Mayden, RichardL. and Manel, St{\'e}phanie} } @article {14, title = {Following in Leopold{\textquoteright}s Footsteps: Revisiting and Restoring the Rio Gavilan Watershed}, journal = {Ecological Rest.}, volume = {24}, year = {2006}, note = {10.3368/er.24.1.25}, month = {2006/01/01/}, pages = {25 - 31}, keywords = {Chihuahua, Mexican trout, Rio Yaqui, riparian, Sierra Madre Occidental, Yaqui}, url = {http://er.uwpress.org}, author = {Fleming, William and Forbes, William} } @article {21, title = {Isolation and characterization of 17 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in the Mexican golden trout (Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, Needham \& Gard 1964) derived from 454 pyrosequencing}, journal = {Conservation Genetics Resources}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {2013/05/14/}, pages = {1009 - 1012}, abstract = {

We present seventeen microsatellite loci developed for the Mexican golden trout Oncorhynchus chrysogaster through GS-FLX 454 pyrosequencing. We selected 34 primer pairs tested on 19 trout specimens from The Rio Verde (Rio Fuerte Bain) and we tested cross amplification on 35 trout specimens collected in seven hydrological basins from the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra San Pedro M\ártir, as well as five hatchery reared Oncorhynchus mykiss. We observed medium and high genetic variation among loci (mean number of alleles per locus = 8.0, SD = 2.92; mean H O = 0.65, SD = 0.27). These loci are the first to be characterized explicitly for O. chrysogaster and they are expected to be useful for population studies in this species and as reference for species delimitation.

}, keywords = {Mexican golden trout, Mexican trout, Oncorhynchus chrysogaster, Sierra Madre Occidental, Truchas Mexicanas}, isbn = {1877-7252, 1877-7260}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12686-013-9956-y}, author = {Garc{\'\i}a-De-Le{\'o}n, Francisco J. and Lozano-Garza, O. Adri{\'a}n and Mayden, Richard L. and Delgado-Vega, Rigoberto and Camarena-Rosales, Faustino and Ruiz-Campos, Gorgonio and Escalante-S{\'a}nchez, Marco A. and Ruiz-Luna, Arturo and R{\'\i}o-Portilla, Miguel {\'A}ngel Del and Barriga-Sosa, Irene de los A. and Arcos-Ortega, Guadalupe Fabiola and Paniagua-Ch{\'a}vez, Carmen} } @article {11, title = {Mexican native trouts: a review of their history and current systematic and conservation status}, journal = {Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries}, volume = {12(2002)}, year = {2003}, month = {2003///}, pages = {273 - 316}, abstract = {

While biologists have been aware of the existence of native Mexican trouts for over a century, they have received little study. The few early studies that did much more than mention their existence began in the 1930s and continued into the early 1960s, focusing primarily on distributional surveys and taxonomic analyses. Starting in the 1980s the Baja California rainbow trout became the subject of more detailed studies, but very little remains known of mainland trouts of the Sierra Madre Occidental. We review earlier studies and report on our own collections and observations made between 1975 and 2000. We present newly discovered historical evidence that leads us to conclude that a {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}lost\&$\#$39;\&$\#$39; cutthroat trout, a lineage not previously known from Mexico, was collected more than a century ago from headwaters of the R\¡o Conchos (a major tributary of the Rio Grande (= R\¡o Bravo)), a basin not previously considered to harbor a native trout. We review the last century of regional natural resource management and discuss our own observations of trout habitats. Impacts of logging, road building and overgrazing are widespread and expanding. Many streams suffer from heavy erosion, siltation and contamination, and though long-term hydrologic data are generally not available, there is evidence of decreased discharge in many streams. These problems appear related to region-wide land management practices as well as recent regional drought. Trout culture operations using exotic rainbow trout have rapidly proliferated throughout the region, threatening genetic introgression and/or competition with native forms and predation on them. Knowledge of distribution, abundance, relationships and taxonomy, not to mention ecology and population biology, of native trouts of the Sierra Madre Occidental remains inadequate. Vast areas of most mainland drainages are still unexplored by fish collectors, and even rudimentary information regarding basic biology, ecology and population structure of stocks remains lacking. Concentrated exploration, research and management of this long overlooked and undervalued resource are all urgently needed. The history of natural resources exploitation that placed so many native trouts of the western United States on threatened and endangered species lists is repeating itself in the Sierra Madre Occidental. Without concerted action and development of region-wide socio-economic solutions for current, largely non-sustainable resource management practices, native Mexican trout gene pools will soon be in grave danger of extinction.

}, keywords = {Baja California, Chihuahua, Conchos, Durango, genetic introgression, Onchorchynchus mykiss, Onchorynchus, rainbow trout, Rio Grande, Sierra Madre Occidental, Sinaloa, Sonora, Truchas Mexicanas}, author = {Hendrickson, Dean A. and Espinosa-P{\'e}rez, H. and Findley, L.T. and Forbes, W. and Tomelleri, J.R. and Mayden, R.L. and Nielsen, J.L. and Jensen, B. and Ruiz-Campos, Gorgonio and Varela-Romero, A. and Van Der Heiden, A.M. and Camarena, F. and Garc{\'\i}a de Le{\'o}n, Francisco J.} }